Monday, August 24, 2015

The Nihilist Papers – Pieces from AntiClockWise

Throughout the 20 issues of AntiClockWise the subject of nihilism recurred regularly and was addressed by several correspondents. These forays, with a couple of repetitions, are reproduced here.

AntiClockWise #1 Nihilism – Raoul Vaneigem; K. Eliot; ACW
AntiClockWise #7 Nihilism – Edited from IS 11, 1967 in Leaving the 20th Century by Chris Gray
AntiClockWise #15 Nihilists – Extracts from letters from Elliot Cantsin and from a Liverpool correspondent
AntiClockWise #16 Oh no, a rant against nihilism – Paul Petard
AntiClockWise #18 The Sauce of the Nihil – Feral Faun
AntiClockWise #20 Nihilism: Replies – Paul Petard; Matthew Fuller


NIHILISM – Raoul Vaneigem (Take from The Revolution of Everyday Life) (AntiClockWise #1) “We don’t know where we’re going and, frankly, we don’t care”

Rozanov’s definition of nihilism is the best. “The show is over. The audience get up to leave their seats. Time to collect their coats and go home. They turn round … No more coats and no more homes.”

Nihilism is born of the collapse of myth. Until its abolition, the spectacle can never be anything except the spectacle of nihilism.

For the last century and a half, the most lurid contributions to art and life have been the fruit of free experiment in the field of abolished values.

Paradox:- a) the great propagators of nihilism lacked an essential weapon, the sense of historic reality, the sense of the reality of decay, erosion, fragmentation; b) those who have made history in the period of bourgeois decline have been tragically lacking in an acute awareness of the immense dissolvent power of history in this period.

Nihilism sweeps everything before it, God included.

How long must we bear the hegemony of these communist bureaucrats, fascist brutes, opinion makers, pockmarked politicians, sub-Joycean writers, neo-Dadaist thinkers – all preaching the fragmentary, all working assiduously for the Big Sleep and justifying themselves in the name of one order or another: the family, morality, culture, the flag, the space race, margarine etc. NIHILISM SWEEPS EVERYTHING BEFORE IT, GOD INCLUDED. NIHILISM IS A SELF DESTRUCT MECHANISM: TODAY A FLAME, TOMORROW ASHES …

Anyone who combines consciousness of past renunciations with a historical consciousness of decomposition is ready to take up arms in the cause of the transformation of daily life and of the world.

The active nihilist does not simply watch things fall apart. S/he criticises the causes of disintegration by speeding up the process. Sabotage is a natural response to the chaos ruling the world. Active nihilism is pre-revolutionary, passive nihilism is counter-revolutionary. And most people waltz tragi-comically between the two.

The nihilist makes one mistake: s/he does not realise that other people are also nihilists, and that the nihilism of other people is now an active historical factor.

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By K. Eliot

The concept of an autonomous class must be developed, as anarchist is as defunct as the rest of political terminology. Autonomy is not a label for a political group; it is a movement of ungovernable individuals against a world based on exploitation and the cheap pacifying trick of consumerism. The autonomists will resurrect ‘politics’ – the politics of class, the politics of sexuality, the politics of pleasure and of everyday life – on its own terms to use against hierarchical power. The weapons of the autonomists could include:-

Ridicule of the system we live under. People can stand being insulted or assaulted, but not being laughed at.

The raising of pleasure from forgotten memories, and a realisation of the supremacy of the individual within a community of individuals.

Violent insurrection of individuals against manifestations of the system, either alone or with others, for no other reason than they wish to do so for themselves and for no cause, party or ideology. Peaceful protest en masse never achieved anything – if you want peace, prepare for war!

Autonomist violence has no sex/sexuality, no age, no race, no colour, no obvious perpetrators, no wish to injure anyone (but those who uphold the system should expect no mercy) – it will be a real pleasure to see the courts burn, the business community panic and hierarchies tremble … what happens after that is anyone’s guess, but we will have had our bit of fun!

K.Eliot

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We must be prepared to take what is apt from anarchism, surrealism, the situationists, and anything else of use – and throw the rest on a bonfire of redundant ideas. There can be no more nihilists fitting into role models created by society – the ‘artist’, the eccentric, the apathetic youth, the suicide, the mass murderer, the recluse etc.

There is no ideology, because ideology always serves the ruling class.


Nihilism – Edited from IS 11, 1967 in Leaving the 20th Century by Chris Gray (AntiClockWise #7)

Rosanov’s definition of nihilism is the best: The show is over. The audience get up to leave their seats. Time to collect their coats and go home. They turn round … No more coats and no more homes.

Nihilism is born of the collapse of myth. Once myth no longer justifies the ways of power to men, the real possibilities of social action and experiment appear. Myth excuses social regression, but it also reinforces it. Its explosion frees an energy and creativity too long syphoned away from authentic experience into religious transcendence and abstraction.

Christianity neutered the explosive nihilism of certain gnostic sects, and improvised a new order from the remains. But the establishment of the bourgeois world made any new recuperation of nihilistic energy onto the plane of myth impossible. In place of a myth, the bourgeoisie can only produce ideologies. And because ideology is essentially a partial, technical rationality, it can never integrate the total negation of the nihilist. As a last ditch effort, Power has produced the spectacle of nihilism – on the principle that the more we contemplate, as spectators, the degradation of all values, the less likely we are to get on with a  little real destruction.

For the last century and a half the most striking contribution to art and life has been the fruit of free experiment with the possibilities of a bankrupt civilisation. The erotic reason of Sade; Kierkegaard’s sarcasm; Nietzsche’s lashing irony; Ahab’s blasphemy; Mallarme’s deadpan; Carroll’s fantasy; Dada’s negativism – these are the forces which have reached out to confront people with some of the dankness and acridity of decaying values.

The great propagators of nihilism lacked an essential weapon: the sense of historic reality, the sense of the reality of decay, erosion and fragmentation. Those who have made history in the period of bourgeois decline have lacked a sense of the total decomposition of social forms which nihilism announces.

What we need now is the conjunction of nihilism and historical consciousness. As long as the two fail to join forces, we shall have to endure the present empire of political and artistic hacks, all preaching the fragmentary, all working assiduously for the Big Sleep, and justifying themselves in the name of one order or another: the family, morality, culture, the space-race, the future of margarine … everyone is going to pass through nihilism. It is the bath. All that is left of the past or the future is the demand for the present – for a present which has still to be constructed. Today, the destructive and the constructive moments of history are slowly coming together. When the two meet, that will be total revolution. And revolution is the only wealth left in the affluent society.

A nihilist is someone who takes the distinction between living and surviving seriously. If living is impossible, why survive? Once you are in that void, everything breaks up. Past and future explode; the present is ground zero. And from ground zero there are only two ways out, two kinds of nihilism: active and passive.

The passive nihilist compromises with his own lucidity about the collapse of all values. He (sic) makes one last nihilistic gesture: throws dice to decide his cause and becomes its devoted slave, for Art’s sake, and for the sake of a little bread … Nothing is true, so a few gestures become hip. Joe Soap intellectuals, pataphysicians, crypto-fascists, aesthetes of the acte gratuity, mercenaries, Kim Philbys, pop-artists, psychedelic impresarios – bandwagon and after bandwagon works out its own version of the credo quia absurdum est: you don’t believe it , but you do it anyway; you get used to it and you even get to like it in the end. Passive nihilism is an overture to conformism.

The active nihilist does not intend to simply watch things fall apart. He intends to speed up the process. Sabotage is a natural response to the chaos ruling the world. Active nihilism is pre-revolutionary; passive nihilism is counter-revolutionary. And most people oscillate between the two. But circumstances inevitably end by drawing a line and people suddenly find themselves, once and for all, on one side or the other of the barricades.

Consumer society’s frantic need to manufacture new needs adroitly cashes in on the way-out, the bizarre and the shocking. Black humour and real agony turn up on Madison Avenue. Flirtation with non-conformism is an integral part of the prevailing values. Awareness of the decay of values has its role to play in sales strategy. There’s money to be made in decomposition. More and more pure rubbish is marketed. The figurine salt cellar of Kennedy, complete with ‘bullet holes’ through which to pour of the salt, for sale in the supermarket, should be enough to convince anyone, if there is anyone who still needs convincing, how easily a joke which would once have delighted Ravachol or Peter the Painter now merely helps to keep the market going.

Consciousness of decay reached its most explosive expression in Dada. Dada really did contain the seeds by which nihilism could have been surpassed; but it just left them to rot, along with the rest. The whole ambiguity of Surrealism, on the other hand, lies in the fact that it was an accurate critique made at the wrong moment. While its critique of the supercession aborted by dada was perfectly justified, when it in turn tried to surpass Dada, it did so without beginning again with Dada’s initial nihilism, without basing itself on Dada-anti-Dada, without seeing Dada historically. History was the nightmare from which the Surrealists never awoke: they were defenceless before the communist party; they were out of their depth with the Spanish Civil War. For all their yapping, they slunk after the official left like faithful dogs.

The Dadaists, working to cure themselves and their civilisation of its discontents – working in the last analysis far more coherently than Freud himself – built the first laboratory to revitalise everyday life. Their activity was far more radical than their theory. “The point was to work completely in the dark. We didn’t know where we were going”. The Dada group was a funnel sucking in all the trivia and pure rubbish cluttering up the world. Reappearing at the other end, everything was transformed. Though people and things stayed the same they took on totally new meanings.

The initial weakness of Dada lay in its extraordinary humility. Every morning, Tzara, clown with the gravity of a pope, is said to have repeated Descartes’s statement, “I’m not even interested in knowing whether anyone ever existed before me”. Yet this same Tzara was to end up a Stalinist, sneering at men like Ravachol, Bonnot and Makhno’s peasant army. If Dada broke up because it could not superseded itself, then the blame lies on the Dadaists themselves for having failed to search for the real historic occasions when such supercession becomes possible: the moments when the masses arise and seize their destiny in their own hands.


Nihilists – Extracts from letters from Elliot Cantsin and from a Liverpool correspondent. (AntiClockWise #15)

“I don’t like the term nihilism. In Kropotkin’s autobiography he describes what nihilism meant in Russia in his time, and it was pretty cool. It really just meant Bohemian. The nihilists hated Russian aristocratic society, just as I and many other contemporary alternative culture anarchists hate everything about commercial capitalist class society. But they didn’t hate EVERYTHING; they had values, they were aesthetes, revolutionary artists. The term nihilist became known in the West through Turgenev’s novel ‘Father and Sons’ in which he describes nihilists as he saw them. Now Turgenev himself was a classist aristocrat and, seeing the nihilists negate everything HE held dear, he took them at their word as being nihilists who negated everything and believed in nothing. This view of nihilism became very trendy. Here in the U.S. many right wing commercialists in the underground use nihilism as an excuse to mock us leftists who are foolishly idealistic to believe in something. In the U.S. believing in nothing is a way to justify living a life of commercialism. Here in Tinsel-land any excuse is good enough to justify a life of commercialism. The alternatives are usually living in the street, in prison or in a lunatic asylum. But I see you are the right kind of nihilist …”

From a Liverpool correspondent:

I call myself a nihilist because I have lost faith in the anarchist movement. I now realise, after my naïve flirtation with anarchism, that all politics, however ultra left, merely plays into the hands of a huge spectacular game. It is a safety valve to focus our justified anger on an agenda of single issues. Also, politics is so serious and every situation calls for a defined response that must correlate to all previous responses.

On the one hand there are po-faced class struggle anarchists whose good intentions are ruined by a desperate search to put the world to rights. Most of these people are now little more than another lefty marginal group, hopelessly devoid of spirit, creativity and new ideas. The Merseyside Anarchist ran an editorial for several issues declaring that anyone who did not agree with their syndicalist view of politics was not entitled to call themselves an anarchist. Okay, I thought, and rather than argue the toss with them and their ilk, I turned my back on it all. Hence, nihilist …

Then there are the green lifestyle anarchists who reject traditional political roles, but fall into the old trap of single issue concerns and drippy search for a personal nirvana conducted with a disgusting middle class liberalism – a luxury the proletariat cannot afford in its struggle to liberate themselves from the oppressive rigours of their everyday lives.

I now sit back and make up my own mind on things. A bad attitude, cynicism and ridicule are essential weapons in trying to get to grips with this society. There is no ideology. My revolution is nihilistic assault on everyday life, both politically and culturally.

I’m not quite sure what the one more effort is for nihilists to become revolutionaries, but it is fun finding out and meeting new people doing the same thing.

Oh no, a rant against nihilism by Paul Petard. (AntiClockWise #16)

It always amuses me when individuals adopt the label ‘nihilist’ and insist that they are totally against all forms of ideology and say they reject all politics. Of course, this is just a contradiction. Being rigidly against all forms of ideology is itself an ideology and being consciously against all politics is itself a political stance. Claiming to ‘reject politics; is dishonest as everybody has politics of one sort of another, whether or not they care to admit it. Even if it is just mindlessly sitting in front of the telly and not giving a damn about anything, that is a form of political response. Nobody is above politics or can reject politics or wash their hands of it. Whether bourgeois or proletarian, everybody lives in, or under, the domination of the capitalist political economy.

When the situationists said ‘Nihilists, one more effort if we are to be revolutionaries” they were not praising nihilism but criticising it. Nihilism and cynicism in themselves are inadequate as a response to alienation, they lead to a dead end, or even worse cause further alienation. Cynicism is very easily recuperated and turned into a weapon of the system. If everyday life is a miserable competitive rat race, well ‘”That’s life” and “Nothing can be done about it”. We have to go beyond just nihilist disillusionment with this present society and move towards a positive revolutionary alternative instead.

Everyday life is based on a consumerist illusion of individual free choice under the rule of the market. This manipulates us into seeing any problems we have as simply individual problems and it encourages us to struggle only individually in isolation. But there can be no isolated individual struggle against the misery of everyday life. There are no individual solutions to the problem of capitalist loneliness. Why? … because individual solutions are lonely solutions. So called ‘everyday life’ is not something freely chosen and reproduced just by individuals. ‘Everyday life’ is a product of the capitalist system and it is organised and reproduced by capitalist society as a whole, not at random by individuals. Therefore it needs an organised and collective response by us in order to change it. Individuality certainly exists and is very important, but collective action is also essential.

Now, I’m not trying to be a miserable lefty killjoy and say we should all go and join some party or support the trade unions or “Kick the Tories out!” I wouldn’t insult anyone by asking them to waste their time doing such rubbish. But rejecting organised political responses means dropping out. Or rather, it means dropping in … to the market: going wherever the market forces you while deluding yourself you are “making up your own mind” and “doing your own thing”. Proletarians have to come together and organise politically with a set of ideas if they are to effect any real change.

Nihilists are like the monster with the big suction nose in the film Yellow Submarine. They go round sucking everything up into nothing but eventually they go too far and suck themselves up. The problem with nihilism is that it just leads to a negative nothing when what we need is a positive something.

The Sauce of the Nihil: Feral Faun. (AntiClockWise #18)

The following is a response to the article in Issue 16 criticising the notion of ‘nihilism’. This article is part of a letter from Feral Faun, an American contact.

I think that Paul’s rant on nihilism is full of false conceptions which indicate that, whatever protests he might wish to make, Paul is a leftist. His claim that to be “rigidly” (a use of language on his part that is blatantly intended to enforce his perspective) anti-ideological is an ideology is as absurd as the claim by fundamentalist Christians that atheism is a religion, or the claim by absolutists that the statement “There are no absolutes” is an absolute. Paul has an ideology so he must assume everyone does to justify himself against the critiques of ideology.

Paul is also a strict dualist in terms of the question of politics – you are either political or apolitical. And, as he rightly suggests, being apolitical is a political stance simply because the passivity upholds the present system. But he totally ignores a third option – that of being actively anti-political, of choosing to actively seek the destruction of the polis itself. This is because the polis is, for Paul, a given, unquestionable, destined to always be there (he doesn’t explicitly say this, but it permeates his letter). Because Paul rejects nihilism even as a tool, because he rejects the possibility of opposing ideology, he makes himself incapable of questioning the given of the ideologies he has chosen. I will grant that an anti-political perspective is political in the same way as atheism is theological. Because a concept of god exists it is necessary to consciously oppose it. Because the polis exists, it is necessary to consciously oppose it.

Paul says that because capitalism is organised and systematic it requires an organised and collective response to change it. I’m not sure why he wants to change the capitalist system in the first place. It seems quite capable of changing itself constantly as it needs to. I want to destroy it, not change it. But there is a deeper absurdity in Paul’s perspective. To claim that you cure a disease by using some of its symptoms – or even partial causes – makes no sense. Since capitalism is organised, what is clearly necessary is an analysis of the relationship between capitalism, authority and organisation.

Historically, every successful revolutionary organisation has ended up recreating capitalism in one form or another. This has already led to radical critiques of revolutionary organisation, critiques which Paul’s simplistic dismissal indicates he is ignorant of. Granted, one can argue that in the midst of riots of related uprisings a king of spontaneous ‘organisation’ occurs, but that is clearly not what Paul means. He is talking about a planned out, collective response … but who is to do the planning and what is to be the role of the individual in this collectivity? The spontaneous ‘organisation’ that arises in riots is not a collective, it is a union of egoists (Stirner), a reaction of individuals to their immediate circumstances and their immediate desires moving them to act together for the moment because their desires coincide. They are unified not be an idea, nor by an organisation that defines their goals, but by the fact that, for the moment, acting together is the best way of creating what we want.

There is no question that radical unions, workers councils, political parties, peace groups and the like offer more guarantees than spontaneous uprisings, but all the guarantee is is the reform of capital, the continuation of the present system of social relationships in a somewhat more palatable mask. It is the spontaneous, temporary unities that can be seen in riots, in vandalism and related small-group acts of revolt and the like which offers the possibility of the destruction of capitalism and the opening up of possibilities to explore new ways of relating.

Paul is correct in saying that the statement “One more effort, nihilists, if you would be revolutionaries” was part of a critique the situationists made of nihilism, but I have reason to believe that Paul has never read the full context of that critique. It was the friendliest critique the situationists ever made of anyone. For one thing, the situationists knew that nihilism has no relation to cynicism. At its best, cynicism is the failure of nihilism, the inability of someone to fully and intelligently critique all social values. More often, it is simply the disappointment of a believer in social values when these values prove hollow. In a sense, cynicism can become the ‘passive nihilism’ that the istuationists talked of, a sinking into despair. But the situationists also mentioned ‘active nihilism’, the active questioning of every social value. The situationists considered this questioning essential , but not enough to be revolutionary. This questioning needs to lead to a reversal of perspective, according to the situationists, in which the individual, having rejected society’s perspective, is able to see what surrounds them from their own “radical subjectivity”, from their own passions and desires. For the situationists, only when such a reversal of perspective occurs does the possibility of the destruction of capital and the creation of new ways of relating occur.

Maybe it would be better to call active nihilists ‘iconoclasts’, but the point of the situationists remains the same: only a person who rejects all the social values we’ve been taught has the possibility of reversing perspective – they still have to make that “one more effort” that pulls them beyond mere rejection – but it is only active nihilists, not leftists, not Trotskyists, not Maoists, not anarchists, not ideologues of any sort, who may reach the point where they can transcend nihilism. I think it would be a mistake to view this process in an absolutely linear way (i.e. as one by one smashing each social value and then one day suddenly reversing perspective) but the situationists have made a valid analysis. Paul has not.

One quibble I have with the situationists is that they choose to say that the “one more effort” creates “revolutionaries”. This forces one to redefine and explain what they mean by “revolutionary”. There have been, and continue to be, all sorts of revolutionaries who have never reversed their perspective, who support revolution as part of an ideology. Where their revolutions have succeeded they have often created versions of capitalism uglier and more repressive than what had existed before. The person who has reversed perspective, liberating their radical subjectivity, essentially becomes not a revolutionary, but rather an intelligent, conscious egoist( in Stirner’s sense) for whom revolution is not a value in itself, but is a tool for  destroying what prevents the liberation of one’s desires. As an acquaintance of mine put it “Too many revolutionaries without a revolution; we need a revolution without revolutionaries”. Feral Faun, 1991

Nihilism: Replies to Feral Faun by Paul Petard and Matthew Fuller (AntiClockWise #20)

Below are two responses to an article in Issue 18 by Feral Faun, which in turn was a response to an article by Paul in Issue 16 criticising the concept of nihilism.

“I’d like to make points in reply to Feral Faun’s article ‘The sauce of the nihil’ in ACW No. 18.

1. When I wrote my short piece in ACW criticising nihilism I was aware it had quite a few shortcomings and it was likely to provoke a critical response. Feral faun’s article contained some good arguments. In particular it outlined the important difference between the despair of ‘passive nihilism’, that is much in evidence today, and the active nihilism explored by the situationists. But Feral spoils things by jumping to conclusions, accusing me unfairly of saying and implying things that I never said or implied at all. Feral insists I believe the polis is unquestionable despite me not saying or suggesting anything of the sort. Nowhere in my article did I say I want to “change capitalism”, nor did I reject the possibility of opposing ideology. What I was attempting to argue was that “opposing ideology” is not as simple and straightforward as labelling oneself a “nihilist”, individually adopting a bohemian lifestyle or mentality and then imagining oneself to be outside the social system and the political economy that reproduced ideology. At the moment nobody is outside the capitalist political economy.

2. Feral seems to be well into Stirnerite egoism. Now I myself am a bit of a fan of ‘St. Max’ and his bible (“The Ego and its Own”), Stirner does a brilliantly entertaining demolition job on everything from divinity, to liberal humanism, to nationalism and even communism, but we should not end up turning Max into an idol! Sadly, Stirner’s egoism contains many flaws. Stirner leaves himself wide open to being distorted and used as an excuse for ‘free market’ capitalism which imposes an extreme atomisation and lonely separation between human individuals, suppressing the social side of human existence. A lot of what Stirner says is really not much more than a series of truisms that can be used to rationalise everything and anything from riding your bike the wrong way down a one way street to being a boss or dictator! Stirner fails to take account of the possibility that egoists, starting from their own egoistic motives, might end up freely choosing to behave in a communal and altruistic manner towards each other. And they might do so in a much deeper and complex way than just a temporary opportunist ‘union of egos’. He also does not pay enough attention to the fact that social and altruistic influences and forces might be an inherent part of one’s own ego. If you can have a ‘union of egos’ then you can also have a communion of egos. Indeed, why not go further and end up with a … communism of egos?!! The only real egoists in the world are hermits. And anyway if Stirner was such a mean selfish antisocial egoistic sod why did he write all his ideas down in a nice book so we could all have the pleasure of reading it? Maybe he wasn’t such a hard fellow after all.

3. It is just anarcho prejudice to assume spontaneous organisation must always be better than formal organisation. The two things don’t have to be opposites; they can complement each other in a situation. In a riot, for instance, we may start off spontaneously invading a building. We might then decide to plan a rota, temporarily delegating tasks such as lookout and food supply to certain individuals. On the other hand, if we don’t do this, we might just spontaneously go hungry and get arrested by the police hiding round the corner! There have been certain moments in history when the creation of organisational forms such as workers councils have made a valid contribution to insurrectionary situations. At the moment nearly all formal revolutionary organisations are a joke, but that is very much to do with the specific situation we are now in in the 1990s. It is not automatically always the case.” Paul.

Matthew Fuller’s piece:

“What a cosy, nicely personalised way of adapting to capitalist society claiming the rejection of all values is. After all, you can’t be proved wrong can you? If I say that I want to destroy capitalist society, but not society as such, is that just because I’m thick? (One social value I don’t want to get round to destroying is talking over ideas like this in order to get to a different position). I wouldn’t mind knowing how just how someone who has destroyed all social values is supposed to get on with people they meet in the street; are they allowed to have mates? Claiming a pure intransigent relationship to society owes more to the tradition of avant-garde art or the political vanguard in its despising of those who can’t quite get round to destroying all those distastefully common social values. I know Feral doesn’t actually hold the ideas of those who’ve got all the right ideas (don’t they just know it) but the idea that you can individually supersede capitalist relations is a con. A con revealed in the polluted air you breathe and the food produced by wage labour that you eat.

Radical subjectivity needs to be supplemented by a collective subjectivity. Not a collective in the sense of the ‘right-on collective, man’ way of making capitalist relations just that little less intolerable, but the unties that Feral hints at in riots and other group acts of revolts and unities that form us as part of an ecology, a class or whatever.

These unities extend, in my experience, far further than Feral dares to believe and need to be extended, sustained. They extend further than the spasmodic tremor of riots in friendships; friendship that I know I can rely on for my transgressions of decency, friendships that transgress property and friendships that go beyond the idea of the sovereign individual that feral relies on so much in order to avoid being swamped, perhaps swamped by capitalist relations, or perhaps being swamped by something a little more enjoyable. And not just in friendships - with people I don’t even know. The knowledge that millions of us had the government right over the barrel on the Poll Tax (yes, just to bring in another one and, no, it wasn’t a complete defeat for the powerful or a revolution without revolutionaries) still gave me a sense of our power, our resistance that makes me go on and do more. And it is this relationship, the me and the us, me as part of us, that makes movement possible, that puts a sustained destruction of social relations with a price on everything well within our grasp.

Feral’s argument that every “successful” revolutionary organisation has ended up recreating capitalism and that therefore organisation is a no-no looks a bit shaky too when compared with the later assertion that it is in riots and other temporary forms of subversion that freedom is found. What happens after a riot, according to Feral’s formula? Possibilities are opened up to explore new ways of relating, but the cops still come back. Capitalism reasserts itself, if not in the hearts of rioters, in the terrain of the riot.  So what does this show? Not much, just that everything is in continual movement, depending on the antagonistic development of powers, of individuals and groups positioned in relationship to each other. Feral’s demand that revolutions remain in a static position, the position of their inception, a fleeting moment, denies the versatility of those that make them and actually gives some kind of awesome magic power to those poised to defeat them. Not daring to extend our power for fear of the unknown reduces the possible to a radically phrased Time and Motion study that is content with nothing but the most miniscule. What Feral realises however is that however temporary, a displacement of restraint with freedom is still a taste. Why the attempt to extend this infinity of freedom suddenly becomes kind of ungroovy is a bit of a mystery.


It is this freedom that we need and that we embody in our destruction of power relations. But what do we all it? Ideology? Being revolutionary or what? Feral gives some hint of this when writing that the organisation needed is “… a reaction of individuals to their immediate circumstances moving them to act together when their ideas coincide”. These immediate circumstances might well be the need to take over housing or organising the production and distribution of food – spontaneous reactions that can become long term and still not lose their necessity and vitality. How they come around to the understanding that their desires do indeed lead them in the same direction implies some kind of theoretical common ground in which to negotiate this unity. (Theoretical in the sense that “theory” is when you have ideas, “ideology” is when ideas have you). A common ground implies a relationship that already forms some kind of counter power to those of the dominant forces in society. These common grounds are where ideas and relationships are formed in antagonism to those which the powerful attempt to enforce. To deny this is to assign to power a near or complete control over us. To allow even theoretically the powerful such immense influence is to accept for ever the role of the marginalised. It’s a heroic pose but a waste of time. We are the ones whose productivity keeps the parasites in place and it is when we forget our strength, or pretend to minimalise it,  that they begin to win.” Matthew Fuller

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